Fashion, Stitches & its Types, Seams, Openings and Fastenings to to to to
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Fashion, Stitches & its Types, Seams, Openings and Fastenings
Stitches
A stitch is formed when a treaded needle moves in and out of a fabric.
classification of stitches:
1. Temporary stitches. They are stitches that are removed after serving their purposes
Examples of Temporary stitches
– long and short tacking
– even tacking
– diagonal tacking
– tailors tacking, etc.
2.permanent stitches-they are stitches that remain in the garment for long period of time.
Types of permanent stitches
– satin stitches
– chain stitches
– back stitches
– Running stitches
– herringbone stitches
– overcasting
-stem and leaf stitches etc.
Types/ classification of permanent stitches
1. joining stitches
They are permanent Stitches used for joining purposes or for holding pieces or layers of fabrics together
Examples of joining stitches
. Back,
-running
2. neatening stitches
They are stitches used for concealing raw edges of fabrics or articles to prevent fraying.
Examples of neatening stitches
– Blanket stitches
-hemming stitches
– herringbone stitches
– overcasting
– zig-zarg stiches
– buttonhole stitches
3. Decorative stitches
They are stitches ment for decorative purposes
Examples of decorative stitches
– Sating,
– herringbone
– lazzy daissy
– French knot
– chain stitches
– stem stitches / stem and leaf stitches.
Note
Examples of joining stitches, neatening stitches and decorative stitches are all examples of permanent stictches.
The main types of permanent stitches are three thus, joining stitches, neatening stitches and decorative stitches.
General rules for working stitches
– thread must be suitable in texture and colour
– use correct needle type/size for stitches being made
– fasten on and off securely, etc.
Seams:
A seam means joining two or more layers of fabrics together neatly and securely with a permanent stitch.
Types/ Classification/Groups of seams:
1. conspicuous seams
they are seams whose stitches are easily seen on the right side of a garment or an article. They are also called visible seams
Examples of conspicuous seams
-Overlaid seam
– double stitched seam
– machine fell seam
2. inconspicuous seam
they are seams whose stitches are not easily seen on the right side of a garment. They are also called inconspicuous seams.
Examples of inconspicuous seams
.-French seam (one of stongest seam)
– plain or open seam ( this seam is the basics of all seams)
– corded seam
– canal slot
– piping seam
Ways of finishing plain seam
– attaching laçe
– binding
_facing
– hemming
– overcasting
factors affecting choice of seams:
– the wearer
– style
– position,
– the sex
. General rules for making seams:
-thread for making seams must be suitable to that fabric
– width of seam should suit the texture
– all seam must lay flat and neatly stiched
– the the texture of the fabric must be suitable for the seam
– seams of the same type should have the same width
Edge finishes:
processes worked on raw edges of articles.
reasons for finishing edges:
– to prevent fraying
– to neaten
– to strengthen
– to decorate
– for style, etc.
edges that require finishing:
-necklines,
-armholes,
-hems,
– table cloths,
-chair backs, etc.
Types of edge finishes:
– facing
– binding
– hems –
– attaching lace
Points to consider when choosing edge finishes:
– fabric being used.
– the type of article
– position of the edge, etc. Finishing edges by:
– facing
– binding
– hemming
– attaching lace
Openings:
They are spaces found on garments that help to put on and take off the garments easily.
Types/examples openings
-continuous wrap,
-bound opening
-box-pleat,
-hem openinga
Placket opening
-fly front opening
-slit opening
-zipper opening
-faced slit opening
classification of openings:
– overlapping
– openings with meeting edges.
factors that influence the selection of openings:
– position on the article
– age of wearer
– style of article
-type of fasteners to use
Importance of openings
-serves as a design feature
-for decoration
-for easy wearing of garments
-for easy taking off of garments
-as a style feature
fastenings:
They are devices used to close openings.
Examples of fastenings
– zipper
– button and buttonhole
– hook and eye
– hock and bar
– press stud
– velcro
– eyelet holes and cords
Points to consider in choosing fastenings:
– type of opening
– age of wearer
-type of garment
– style of article, etc.
Examples of fastenings:
– press studs
-velcro
-eyelet and holes
– hook and eye
-hook and bar
-zipper
– buttons and button-holes
– zipper
Importance of fasteners
-for decoration
-as a style feature
-to close openings
-for identification
-it gives shape to the garment
-allows garment to be constructed in a close-fitting style
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